Pharmacopsychology – today a subdiscipline of Neuropsychology and Biological Psychology – was founded by the famous German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin (1856-1926). This research field aims to explore the neurochemical basis of cognition, emotion and behaviour by pharmacological challenges. Standing in Kraepelins tradition, our main research goal is a better understanding of the neurobiological and neuropharmacological principles of attention, cognition and emotion. Keywords: Cocaine, ecstasy, MDMA, GHB, nicotine, psilocybin, schizophrenia, depression, addiction, endophenotype, sensorimotor gating, prepulse inhibition, genetics, neuropsychology, neuroenhancement, social cognition, decision-making, neuroeconomics, PET